This game was distributed in the Soviet Union under the name of "Poedinok".
Game inventor unknown.

Players roll the cubes on a number of steps, shown on their upper face.
Royal cube always moves to one step. To win, you must capture the opponent's Royal cube or place your Royal cube on its initial place.

See Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PiT2WN8ixpg